106年:視光學(3)

關於視力的數字表示,以小數點計數法( decimal notation )及 LogMAR 計數法( LogMAR notation )型式記錄時,其數字是相等的,則此視力的數字為下列何者?( Log2 = 0.3010, Log3 = 0.4771 )

A1.2
B1.0
C0.4
D0.1

詳細解析

本題觀念:

本題考視力記錄的數學換算:當**小數點計數法(decimal notation)**與 **LogMAR 計數法(LogMAR notation)**的數值恰好相等時,求該數值為何。

選項分析

解題關鍵公式LogMAR=log10(Decimal VA)\text{LogMAR} = -\log_{10}(\text{Decimal VA})

設小數視力值 = xx,LogMAR 值 = yy,且題目條件為 x=yx = yx=log10(x)x = -\log_{10}(x) log10(x)=x\log_{10}(x) = -x

逐一代入各選項驗算:

(A) 1.2 log10(1.2)=log10(65)=log106log105=(log102+log103)(1log102)\log_{10}(1.2) = \log_{10}(\frac{6}{5}) = \log_{10}6 - \log_{10}5 = (\log_{10}2 + \log_{10}3) - (1 - \log_{10}2) =(0.3010+0.4771)(10.3010)=0.77810.6990=0.0791= (0.3010 + 0.4771) - (1 - 0.3010) = 0.7781 - 0.6990 = 0.0791 LogMAR = 0.07911.2-0.0791 \neq 1.2,不符合。

(B) 1.0 log10(1.0)=0\log_{10}(1.0) = 0,LogMAR = 0=01.0-0 = 0 \neq 1.0,不符合。

(C) 0.4 $\log_{10}(0.4) = \lo

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